State Conveyance Tax Rate

The state conveyance tax is .0075 (.75%) of the sales price up to $800,000.00. Any amount above $800,000 is taxed at .0125 (1.25%). The municipal conveyance tax is 0.0025 (.25%) for most towns. There are 18 eligible municipalities that are permitted to impose a tax of up to 0.005 (.5%).
The 18 towns permitted to maintain higher rates are:

Bloomfield	Bridgeport
Bristol	East Hartford
Groton	New London
Hamden	Hartford
Meriden	Middletown
New Britain	New Haven
Norwalk	Norwich
Southington	Stamford
Waterbury	Windham

Snow in Connecticut

We all know what the big news this week is in Connecticut.  I never thought I would see more snow than in the Blizzard of '78, but I did this weekend!  For those of you who live elsewhere, or who providentially were out of town, here are some of my favorite storm images:

Lots of Cash

Many more real estate sales lately are for cash.  While it's true everywhere in the country, it's particularly true in Connecticut.  Can you guess the percentage of people who close with cash?  If you guessed 39%,  you're right!

While that seems like a lot, and it is, it makes some sense when it's so cumbersome to fill out the paperwork for a mortgage, and when the restrictions are so much tighter.  I suspect that some number of those buyers later apply for, and receive, mortgages, especially with rates so low (although they're certainly not losing much in the way of interest on cash, and they don't have a great deal of stability in the stock market).

When there is no mortgage, the closings often happen much sooner.  We see people closing in a couple of weeks, once all the inspections are finished.  Getting a mortgage later really speeds the process up.

One tricky question, however, is how to know whether the buyer is serious and qualified, without the help of the mortgage qualification letter.   It seems strange, but it's sometimes easier to believe that someone is really going to buy if they are borrowing the money, than when they say that they have it in the bank.  Not a bad issue to have, I guess, but it has been arising more frequently.  The danger of real damage is less, however, when the closing is quick. Nothing's perfect, but cash is king!

Update from The Leadership Council

I just came back from a meeting of my peers from big independent brokerage firms around the country.  Things are definitely picking up everywhere, and there was much more optimism in the room than in the past few years.  Many places have gone through their foreclosure sales, and inventories in those spots are very low compared to prior years.  Connecticut is behind in that regard, but has seen similar growth in company dollar and activity.  At Pearce, we are up 46% from last year at this point, so we're excited!

Around the country, first-time homebuyers are leading the way, with most sales at levels below $300,000.  There are still two parts of most markets--one for the listings that come on and sell almost immediately, and another for the overpriced, stale, or problematic listings that are still sitting there.  Taken together, the average time on the market is just over 100 days, but there is a large variation, and a much greater supply over $500,000.

It was interesting to learn more about the Denver market, which is hot at the lower end, and to see the very impressive Coors Field one night (although the Rockies lost decisively and the weather was a lot colder than it was back here!).  And, of course, it was wonderful to return to spring in Connecticut!

Rent or Buy Decisions Now

The New York Times recently had a real estate section cover story about how both sales prices and rental rates were out of sight for many areas of NYC.  There didn't seem to be a good choice for someone looking to move to make.  Here, we see things as being different.  Rentals in our region are increasingly scarce.  New Haven has the lowest apartment vacancy rate in the country.  In addition, we haven't seen the wave of foreclosures that people think may be coming in our state.  If or when it does, that will mean that large numbers of people will go from being owners to being renters, for at least the seven years that they will need to wait before they can borrow again.  Where are they all going to go?

On the other side of the equation, prices for homes are low.  Very low.  And so are mortgage rates.  That makes it a good time to buy, if you believe that prices are going to rise.  In that regard, we got some help from a Trulia article, albeit a backhanded compliment.  Greater New Haven was listed among the ten cities where the number of people looking to move out most exceeds the number of people looking to move in.  It also predicted that prices would go down a couple of percent by the third quarter of this year.  BUT, it went on to say that price increases would average 5.3% per year through 2016, meaning that someone who buys a home and plans to hold onto it for five years, whether living in it or renting it out, will be likely to get quite a bit more for it when he or she goes to sell.

That seems to me to make the rent versus buy decision pretty simple around here.  It's the time to buy.

Why the Rental Market Matters

We have been reading lately about New Haven's stellar rental market--either the lowest or the second-lowest vacancy rate in the country, depending upon your source.  Why is this?  And how does it relate to other real estate data?

New Haven's extraordinary occupancy rate for apartments has several causes, some of which are unique to New Haven, and some of which apply across markets nationally.  New Haven's own reasons have to do, first of all, with the large number of students residing in the region.  Students are almost always renters, and graduate students rarely live in university housing.  The second driver in New Haven is the nightlife and culture prevalent here, so that young people (and empty nesters) who work in other places in Connecticut will disproportionately choose to rent in New Haven and commute to their jobs. 

Around the country, there are certain trends that are helping rental markets to stay strong.  Of course, high foreclosure rates will result in more renters, as the people displaced from their houses won't be able to buy right away.  Also, the uncertainty of all job security means that many more workers, executives included, leave their families behind and rent in the new city until they are confident that they will stay at the job.  That trend is exacerbated by the difficulty transferees are having in selling their homes in the locations they are leaving; until they do, many must rent.  Even those who sell are renting in many instances, since they worry that housing prices have not bottomed out, and that this may not be the best time to buy a new home.

All of these factors have combined in Greater New Haven to make rentals scarce and expensive.  It also offers an opportunity for investors to buy property and rent it out, and not just the typical apartment building or multi-family house.  Single family homes make good rentals also, particularly when you can buy one for a price that allows you to cover costs with rental income.  It can even be a good alternative for those who have houses on the market that are not selling.  Many people are looking for homes to lease, not just in the center city, and it's a good time to find tenants.  This is especially true if you allow pets!  As with all types of real estate markets, there are ways to make money in this one.

Making Connecticut Business Friendly

Many people don't understand the connection between a business-friendly climate and housing prices. Connecticut is a good example of it. We have ranked dead last among the fifty states in job creation over the past twenty years--for those of you who are counting, that's far longer than the current recession. We export college students, young people, all kinds of people. They go where the jobs are. Lots of you will know where those places are, because it's where your children live.

Without new jobs, there aren't people coming into the state, or staying in the state, to buy homes. Therefore, there isn't a growing market, and there are no buyers for those homes vacated by others who leave, or who downsize, or who transition into assisted living. That also means that new construction competes with existing housing, since relocated homeowners who buy new homes therefore don't buy current ones. All of this explains why low job growth is bad.

But why is it bad? To begin with, we in the Land of Steady Habits tend to believe that everyone wants to live here, and therefore we don't have to make it attractive to do so. We also tend to believe that businesses need to be here. That's true in some cases--like a local real estate firm, or a utility--but is clearly not the case in manufacturing and in more other industries than you would think. So we don't push our lawmakers and state and local officials to do more to attract and retain business. Yes, we want to keep those big defense contracts. But most of the jobs are in small businesses and start-ups. That's where the NIMBY (not in my back yard) folks, the preservationists, the anti-big box protesters, and the knee-jerk city planners and economic development departments lose the race for jobs. Of course, those same people often decry the increases in taxes, but without seeing the connection.

What can you do? Ask your municipality and state officials to be kind to business. Don't jump on the bandwagon to avoid personal tax increases by loading up corporate taxes. Don't let local planning and zoning processes become obstacle courses. Try to think about all sides of the issues. And vote for those who do.

Update from Arizona

It's 37 degrees here in Scottsdale as I write this, so it doesn't seem all that much warmer than at home, but it will get up to 60 by the time I finish my run. My daily path takes me past lots of For Sale signs, and the morning paper gives me news about the real estate market in Arizona.

The good news here is that the number of pre-foreclosures is down from what it used to be last year. That's sort of the silver lining on the cloud, since the total sales went down from 2009 to 2010 in Scottsdale, and the average price declined as well. The experts who were surveyed in the year-end wrap-up in the newspaper expressed a consensus that the big news was their surprise at a lack of improvement in the real estate market. Our driver when we landed said that there are still several thousand bankruptcies a month in the county. Commercial vacancies are sky high, and there are no new buildings planned or under construction.

The surprise at the anemic sales and loss of gains made during the tax credit months is true across the country. None of us expected that the second half of 2010 would be as bad as it turned out to be. The good news, however, for those of us in the snowy Northeast is that we never saw the boom that Arizona did in building. That means that we never got the spike that is now causing the abrupt fall out here. We had steady gains, and some inflated prices, but it was small potatoes compared to sun country.

Even here, there are signs of hope. On my daily running route, I see half as many For Sale signs as I did last year. And it's heartening for me to note that they are almost all local independent companies--another harbinger for us in Connecticut, I hope!

As Cambridge Goes, So Goes New Haven?

We spent last week in Cambridge, and it's easy to see the upside of a big university on its surroundings. As we wound our way through the side streets in an effort to avoid Harvard Square at graduation time, we could see the sprawling evidence of gentrification everywhere--Central Square, Inman Square, Davis Square, Porter Square, etc. The subway has gone farther north, but so has the population. And it's not all students anymore--the same young professionals that we are hoping to retain in New Haven are buying condos in converted triple deckers and apartment buildings, and all of the retail and nightlife that follows such is thriving.

While New Haven isn't attached to a large city, as Cambridge is, you can really see the possibilities of building upon the advantages of a college town. If we can continue to add jobs in the sciences and information-based arenas, and we can still provide the entertainment and dining options that New Haven is known for, then our future will stay bright.

And what do we need to do to help this process along? It's pretty simple--create jobs. Connecticut and New Haven must work together to make it an attractive place to start and expand businesses. The City must also focus on keeping crime low and attractiveness high. Private entrepreneurs, whether in real estate or investment or venture capital, can do the rest.

Market Statistics

I just gave an interview to a reporter about last year's numbers for the state of Connecticut. The Commercial Record showed that sales were about even with 2008, while prices were down about 10% from 2008 to 2009. She wanted to know whether that surprised me. It did not.

The above results are typical for markets that are in moderate recovery. When they decline, they decline first in units and then in prices. On the way back up, we see units increasing before we see prices returning. This is also because, when the economy is not strong, it's people at the lower end of the price spectrum who are most likely to buy or sell property, either because they are first-time homebuyers, or because they are forced to sell. These reasons account for the decline caused by a change in the mix of units changing hands.

The other piece of the decline is caused by the value of the same house going down in this market. Most houses, especially when they are competing with foreclosure sales, are selling for less than they would have a year ago. That's the part of the decline I would call same-sale price loss.

If you add those two explanations together, you can see that the 1% a month loss in value that I've been blogging about is not going to go away any time soon. On the other hand, we should see unit sales beginning to rise faster than they did in 2009, particularly as long as the government continues to give incentives to homebuyers. And that's good news.

New Year, New Attitudes

Happy New Year! It is clear from watching the stock market that investors in that area have confidence about the future. In our business, we are looking forward to the same sort of sustained rise during 2010. I just returned from Arizona, where the number of sales has gone up quite a bit from the year before, although prices continue to lag and short sales are still very common. Since we are behind Arizona on the real estate curve, we can look there to see what's down the road for us.

What they are worried about is the glut of homes that could come up for sale if owners lose interest in trying to hold on to them while values are low. Moral suasion may not be enough to convince people to continue paying on mortgages that are underwater. There have recently been a number of articles about just that--homeowners moving into rentals and spending the difference in their monthly payments on trips and consumer goods. That's not good for real estate.

We will be somewhat protected from that phenomenon in Connecticut, I believe, since whatever happens on the West Coast and in Florida will most likely cause the government to take steps to prevent the spread of anything that might impede a general economic recovery, and before it gets to us. They took prompt action in the banking crisis, and the recent extension and expansion of the tax credit for homeowners is a good indication that real estate will be treated in much the same way. In addition, since we had nowhere near the amount of speculation and building as the South and Southwest, we are not in the position of having lots of empty houses and condos to fill. Sometimes it's not bad to suffer from slower growth!

In the meantime, we should take heart in the surge of interest in real estate in Arizona and other similar markets. Investors are buying, and there is activity. I talked to one agent who said that her experience there is bearing out what I've been preaching in this blog: Those properties that are priced correctly and are in good condition are hard to get, since they receive multiple bids early on. Although there is a great deal on the market, only homes and buildings considered to be good values are moving. So, if you want to sell, be sure that you are in that category. If you want to buy, get a jump on that trend and buy before the spring market and before the tax credit expires on April 30th.

Signs of Life

Although the temperature still says winter, it seems to be spring in Connecticut at last! The phones are ringing, people are listing their homes for sale, and buyers are out in force. It's still very hard to keep transactions together, particularly through the inspection and financing stages, but at least we are seeing contracts being written. It's more likely to see them coming in on properties that have recently come onto the market, however, and less likely to see them on properties that have been listed for months or years. Yes, it's still a buyer's market for the most part, even though there are a few neighborhoods where the supply is limited.

We are seeing mortgage requirements steadily rising. It now takes a FICO score of 720 to get a jumbo mortgage, for example, and PMI is sometimes not available unless the buyer is putting down at least 10%. These factors make me think that buyers should feel a little more urgency; after all, it's the financing costs that drive most purchase limits.

This post will be brief, because even my phone is ringing much more, and I have lots to do!

What's Selling?

Although it may sound as though nothing is selling in the current real estate market, there are some pockets of strong activity. The market is almost bifurcated, with most homes sitting and a few receiving multiple offers. I checked with two of our offices, our New Haven office and our Wallingford Regional office, to see what common threads exist with the quick sales we've had. There are three factors: price; condition; and location. Price means two things--the price must be considered a good value, and lower prices are more likely to attract first-time home buyers (the most active segment of the market now). Condition usually means that the property should be clean, freshly painted, and clutter-free. Location is the normal location, location, location. The worse the market, the closer you can get to the ideal location, and status does matter.

Having said all that, we are seeing strong interest particularly in East Rock, where demand outstrips supply now. Stefanie Rank has a listing on Livingston Street that has been shown over 50 times since the end of last week, and multiple offers. Fran DeToro sold a Whitney Avenue condo in less than a week. Mary Jane Burt has sold two high-end condos recently.

Hamden is also seeing demand. Eileen Smith has three times cleaned out a house top to bottom, shown it from Thursday to Sunday, and sold it on Monday. She has researched current prices in Spring Glen, and they have decreased by only 1%. The Edgehill team just sold a Hamden house in two days.

Remember that the tax credit can be used for one's 2008 taxes, so time is of the essence. So, if you're thinking of selling in any of these neighborhoods, please consider doing it now!

Vacation post

Just a quick update from Scottsdale. It feels mean to say that it's 77 degrees and sunny here every day, when there is so much cold and snow in Connecticut! But everybody needs a break, and this is mine. I run a lot, read a lot, and just generally chill out. We've played golf, shopped, and fiddled around.

Phoenix has been very badly hit by the economic downturn, and it shows how lucky we are in our region not to have the tremendous overbuilding that exists here. There are shopping centers and restaurants on every corner; it's hard to imagine where all the business can come from to keep them afloat. They've had phenomenal job growth here as well, but now they're just ahead of Detroit in new job growth, so the party's over. Our education and health care-based economy looks pretty good in comparison.

Hello from Sunny Arizona

We arrived last night in Scottsdale, where it's almost 70 degrees and very sunny. I wanted grapefruit for breakfast, so I went out and picked a couple. I went running for a long time (with a few stops at new retail areas) without worrying about snow and ice. There are lots of real estate signs here--it's pretty much ground zero, along with Nevada and Florida, for the distressed real estate market. Inside my father's gated community, there are signs for the first time, and today there were multiple open houses. The median sales price in Arizona was $232,000 at the end of 2007, and $150,000 at the end of 2008. That makes Connecticut look pretty good!

We had our company holiday party at our house the night before we left--100 people for dinner. It was festive and fun, and spirits were high-enough so that those not in real estate were surprised. I'm not really, because people who come to parties tend to be a self-selected group of those who are going to have a good time under all circumstances, plus real estate agents in general tend to be resilient and optimistic. As Winston Churchill said, "I am an optimist. It does not seem to be of too much use to be anything else." Amen.

OK, Enough Snow!

Well, we were waiting for the snow and we got it! Once the snow started on Friday, it came down so fast that going home was an adventure. I tried to dig out the car closest to the bottom of the driveway so I could go to yoga on Saturday morning, but couldn't do it. Saturday night, all four of us took that bottom car to a party in Norwalk, and ended up pushing it off the driveway at midnight that night. Sunday was another day when none of us went anywhere; there is a downside to living in the highest-up house on Long Island Sound in Connecticut! We're 85 feet above sea level, and the water is right at the bottom of our driveway. If we miss the road by much, we're toast. Our plowing company had gone out of business since last winter, but hadn't bothered to tell us, so a BIG thank you to George Sanders of West Lake Landscaping, who saved the day (or night) by plowing us out on Saturday night. In the interim, we missed a couple of parties, but no days of work. Nature becomes much more important when you live so close to the water. When it's not snow or ice, it's flooding on Old Quarry Road or Route 146.

All that ice means that I haven't been running, either. I can't wait to get out there again! I'm just too clumsy to take the risk of falling. All those Christmas cookies and no exercise is not a good combination, though.

Our New York Times did come on all those days, however, and I got to read about Carl Icahn's suit against Realogy. Realogy is the parent corporation of Coldwell Banker, C21, Sotheby's, ERA, and CB Commercial. They have a LOT of debt, and they were trying to restructure by replacing the debt people already held with less debt of a higher caliber. Carl Icahn didn't like that, and the court agreed with him. It may be tough to be an independent company in this market, but at least we don't have billions of dollars of debt. Now they're looking for another way to restructure. Maybe they'll start by spending only what they have to spend--there's a novel idea!

Barbara's CT Real Estate Blog

Welcome to the first posting on Barbara's Connecticut Real Estate Blog. So much is happening at warp speed in the national real estate market that it seemed like a good time to try this new medium for communicating with clients and friends. As the financial crisis deepens, I'm bringing you something new that you can read when you're up worrying in the middle of the night.

I have been in the real estate business, in one way or another, all of my life. My father started our compnay when I was a toddler, so I have 50 years of history. I've never seen anything like this before. Credit markets for commercial real estate are, whatever banks may say to the contrary, frozen. Residential buyers are sitting on the fence, waiting to see what's going to happen. Realtors are sidelined.

Despite the bad news on every front, I'd like this to have a positive aspect to it. Greater New Haven is a wonderful place to live and work. We have so many colleges and universities that our region has a plethora of cultural offerings. Our shoreline, so conveniently located right outside the city, is a tremendous boon for recreation, beauty, and lifestyle. For example, today I got to work at home all morning, because high tide washed out our road and kept me from getting past our mailbox! That used to happen once a year or so, but this fall it's happened once a month. I wonder if it's our version of the dust storms during the Depression....

That's it for now. Back later with more on our region and real estate.